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1. AK47 AK47 War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Afghanistan--History 21st century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--20th century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--21st century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--20th century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--21st century ; AK-47 rifle The AK-47 or Kalashnikov is a Soviet assault rifle developed in the 1940’s. It was used by the Soviet troops in Afghanistan, hence this carpet with its imposing rifle, might suggest Russian occupation. However, AK-47 copies were also used by the Mujahidin and the Taliban. Depending on the viewer the rug could suggest freedom from foreign political or ideological oppression. To the foreign nationals who purchased the rug, it is likely the rifle is emblematic of Afghanistan and complex counterinsurgency
2. Repeating Arms Repeating Arms War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--20th century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--20th century ; Airplanes, Military ; Tanks ; Helicopters Where traditional Afghan rugs feature memory-based designs—typically small, geometric, repeated motifs—this carpet replaces those with more representational motifs. The Soviet arms and military vehicles depicted attest to the changing conditions of weaving production as well as the critical importance recognizing threats would have played to the weavers and their families.
3. Exodus of the Soviet Union I Exodus of the Soviet Union I War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Afghanistan--History--21st century ; Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989 ; Afghanistan--Politics and government--1989-2001 ; Military weapons This rug commemorates the departure of Soviet forces from Afghanistan. On the “Friendship Bridge”, heading north, are three Soviet BTR 60A Armoured Personnel Carriers. On the bloody red map of Afghanistan are what appear to be Soviet Mil Mi-24 Helicopters (aka Hind) with three Mil Mi-28 Helicopters (aka Havoc) in the air above the map. The rug also features AK-47s, several grenades, and two RPG 7V Grenade Launchers. The inscription refers to the departure of the Soviets.
4. Exodus of the Soviet Union II Exodus of the Soviet Union II War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Afghanistan--History--21st century ; Constitutions--Afghanistan ; Afghanistan--Politics and government--1989-2001 This rug is very similar to 2009.011.000 suggesting that popular designs are shared among weavers.
5. Najibullah Najibullah War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--20th century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--20th century ; Afghanistan--Politics and government, 1973-1989 ; Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989 ; Najibullah, Mohammad, 1947-1996 In 2006 Robert Fyke collaborated on an exhibition of war rugs at The Nickle Arts Museum called “Made in Afghanistan: Rugs and Resistance, 1979-2005”. We chose to examine the development of war rugs borrowing selected examples to complement our scheme. One of the rugs that Rob’s collection did not have was Najibullah—a rug we believed was commonly known and traded. In the fall of 2005, Rob wrote to his Peshawar rug dealer friend and drew a quick sketch of the rug he had in mind. Two years later, this bizarre, thumb-nail sketch of a rug arrived in Calgary.
6. Najibullah Najibullah War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--20th century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--20th century ; Afghanistan--Politics and government, 1989-2001 ; Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989 ; Najibullah, Mohammad, 1947-1996 Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai was the last president of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, left in power by the Soviets after their withdrawal in 1989. He was detested by the Taliban for being anti-Islamic and a Communist. In 1996, after the Taliban seized Kabul, he was tortured and hung. His image here with the Soviet hand holding him place is a graphic reminder of the lingering effects of the Cold War.
7. Najibullah Najibullah War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--20th century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--20th century ; Afghanistan--Politics and government, 1973-1989 ; Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989 ; Najibullah, Mohammad, 1947-1996 In 2006 Robert Fyke collaborated on an exhibition of war rugs at The Nickle Arts Museum called “Made in Afghanistan: Rugs and Resistance, 1979-2005”. We chose to examine the development of war rugs borrowing selected examples to complement our scheme. One of the rugs that Rob’s collection did not have was Najibullah—a rug we believed was commonly known and traded. In the fall of 2005, Rob wrote to his Peshawar rug dealer friend and drew a quick sketch of the rug he had in mind. Two years later, this bizarre, thumb-nail sketch of a rug arrived in Calgary.
8. Najibullah and Uncle Sam Najibullah and Uncle Sam War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--20th century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--20th century ; Afghanistan--Politics and government, 1973-1989 ; Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989 ; Najibullah, Mohammad, 1947-1996 This rug is a variation of the Najibullah rugs. Beside the wide-eyed Najibullah, is Uncle Sam’s Hat with an AK-47 protruding from it. It speaks to the foreign occupation and control of Afghanistan. The map of Afghanistan behind the figures is typically green (for an Islamic state?)—here it is white. As in the other rugs of this type, the red area above Afghanistan is figured with Soviet vehicles, while the blue area below is filled with people and animals.
9. Warrior Warrior War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--20th century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--20th century ; Tanks It is unclear what the dark, horned figure in the centre of this ominous carpet represents, however, the red instrument protruding from it is likely a Soviet ZPU-4 Anti-Aircraft machine gun or a ZSU-23-4 Anti-Aircraft Weapon System. Both systems have four gun barrels. Several vehicles can be identified, including a BTR-60 Armoured Personnel Carrier (border, bottom left, third vehicle from the bottom), and a BRDM-2 combat Reconnaissance Vehicle (on the black ‘head’ in the centre). There are also a number of inscriptions in Dari and possibly Russian. The short, Dari inscriptions offer various numbers and dates, the longer inscriptions on the dark ‘head’ refer to the ‘Islamic Government of Afghanistan’, and a ‘my home and country’.
10. Uncle Sam's Hat Uncle Sam's Hat War rugs--Afghanistan--History--21st century ; War rugs--Middle East--History--21st century ; War rugs--Asia, Central--History--21st century ; Tanks ; Helicopters This rug is a variation on the Najibullah rugs where the beleaguered Afghan president has been replaced by Uncle Sam’s top hat with a protruding AK-47 rifle. It is surrounded by a variety of armed soldiers, weapons, grenades, and a butterfly mine. On the red ground above the Afghan map are several Russian tanks and helicopters; on the blue ground below and to the right of the map are camels with riders a number of farm animals and people. Perhaps they are meant as reminders of the scores of Afghan refugees living and working in camps in Pakistan.
11. War Rug with Natural Dyes War Rug with Natural Dyes War rugs--Afghanistan--History--20th century ; War rugs--Afghanistan--History--21st century ; Afghanistan--Social life and customs ; Military weapons Traditionally rugs were woven with the materials at hand—local sheep provided the wool while indigenous plants provided the colour—more exotic materials had to be traded for. While synthetic dyes are now widely used, particularly for exported wares, this little carpet stands somewhat in contrast. It depicts an AK-47 assault rifle beside a grenade—worked in wool dyed with natural dyes.
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